| Category | Candidate A's $29,590 | Outside spending: $1,125,142 | Multiple |
|---|---|---|---|
| Strategy & paid consulting Generals, mail, digital, treasury | $0 Volunteer campaign manager · friends and family advise · candidate makes the calls personally | $205,000 General consultant $90K — 4 months running the campaign, weekly strategy memos, message development, vendor selection, crisis response. · mail consultants $79K — pick voter universes, art-direct each mailer, manage printers, earn 15% commission on mail buy · digital strategist $36K — multi-platform ad targeting, A/B testing, daily optimization | ∞ |
| Polling Benchmark, tracking, push polling | $0 Not affordable · campaign decisions made on instinct and door-to-door feedback | $84,000 Benchmark $34K — 400 likely voters, 12-min survey, tests every message before it runs · tracking poll $17K — late October, sets the closing argument · push poll $33K — ~8,000 "informational" calls disguised as research, delivers narrative under cover of polling | ∞ |
| Direct mail Design, print, postage | $12,500 2 mailers + walk piece · 5,000 households each · 15,000 pieces total · ~3 mailers per voter household | $172,800 5 positive Candidate B mailers + 6 negative Candidate A mailers · 7,000 households each · 77,000 pieces total · premium stock, full color, large format · ~11 mailers per voter household | 14× |
| Digital ads YouTube, social, programmatic, geo | $2,500 Small Facebook + Google buy, last 4 weeks · ~250K impressions · each voter sees ad ~20 times | $238,500 YouTube $84K · Facebook $73K · programmatic $51K · geofencing $30K · ~22M+ impressions · each voter sees outside-spending ads 1,700+ times | 95× |
| Video production Spots for digital and TV | $0 No produced video | $56,000 2 positive Candidate B spots + 2 negative Candidate A spots · professional crew, multiple cuts for digital and broadcast | ∞ |
| Television Cable + connected TV | $0 Out of reach | $118,000 Cable $73K · ~560 spot airings on local news, sports, prime cable in San Jose DMA · streaming $45K · ~1.1M Hulu, Roku, CTV impressions · reaches ~80% of likely voters with 30+ exposures | ∞ |
| Field — door to door Door hangers, paid canvassers | $2,700 3 rounds × 5,000 households · 15,000 door hangers · volunteer-knocked | $28,000 Paid 2-week canvass program · ~28,000 doors knocked · scripted pitches + voter ID forms + CRM data capture | 10× |
| Phone & text outreach Calls, texts, robocalls | $900 Texting + phone bank tools · volunteer-staffed · ~10,000 calls/texts | $53,000 Paid phone bank $14K · P2P texting $28K · robocalls $11K · ~560,000+ phone/text contacts across the district | 59× |
| Opposition research & narrative ops Oppo, PR, astroturf, SEO | $0 No professional research · no PR firm · no narrative operation | $94,500 Opp research firm $28K — multi-month investigation; 100-200 page binder of public records, finances, voting history, social media, court records, prior statements · earned media $36K — PR firm pitching stories to journalists, planting op-eds, securing cable hits · astroturf "news" site $14K — domain + WordPress site styled as local news, runs attack content · SEO suppression $17K — Google Ads on Candidate A's name redirecting to negative content | ∞ |
| Yard signs Lawn signage | $1,000 200 standard signs @ $5 | $6,750 800 oversize Candidate B signs | 7× |
| Photography Stills, B-roll | $500 Headshots and family photos | $5,100 Full Candidate B shoots + B-roll for video | 10× |
| Compliance, legal, treasurer FPPC, Form 460, counsel | $2,400 Part-time bookkeeper $2K — handles Form 460s · candidate signs filings personally — personally liable for any errors · filing fees $400 | $42,800 Treasurer $25K — full FPPC service: Form 460s, 24-hour late-contribution reports, pre-election + supplemental filings, payroll for paid staff and vendors · legal counsel $12K — defamation review of every attack ad before it runs, contract review for vendors, FPPC compliance · analytics $5.8K — performance dashboard tracking each dollar's reach across channels | 18× |
| Web, email, voter data Site, list tools, voter file | $1,100 Site $600 + voter file $500 | $0 Folded into consulting fees | candidate only |
| Events, swag, supplies T-shirts, stickers, meetings | $2,100 Swag $1,200 · office supplies $400 · meet-and-greets $500 | $0 No candidate-style events | candidate only |
| Reserve / contingency Final-week needs | $3,900 Last-minute mail or digital | $20,692 Final-week ad spike | 5× |
| TOTAL | $29,590 | $1,125,142 | 38× |